Zinc oxide

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Oxide zinc

 

Oxide zinc (ZnO) ZnO is colorless crystalline powder, insoluble in water, yellowing when heated and subliminality at 1800 °C.

Oxide zinc is a direct bandgap semiconductor with a band gap of 3.36 eV. Natural doping with oxygen makes it an n-type semiconductor. When heated, the substance changes color: white at room temperature, zinc oxide becomes yellow. This is due to the reduction in the width of forbidden zone and the edge shift in the spectrum of absorption from the UV region into the blue.

Oxide zinc is amphoteric — reacts with acids with formation of salts, in the interaction with alkaline solutions forms a complex tri - Tetra - and hexahydroxoplatinate

 

Application

Properties zinc oxide determine its wide application in chemical and the pharmaceutical industry. Zinc oxide has found wide application in abrasive tooth pastes and cements in restorative dentistry, tanning creams and cosmetic procedures, in the production of electrical cables, faux leather and rubber products. Furthermore, the use of spread in tire, paint, oil processing industries. Zinc oxide is used in the manufacture of glass and ceramics.

In the chemical industry is used:

• an activator in the vulcanization of certain rubbers;

• vulcanizing agent of chloroprene rubbers;

• the methanol synthesis catalyst;

• white pigment in paints and enamels;

• filler and pigment in the production of:

• rubber

• plastics,

• paper,

• perfumes and cosmetics;

• additive to animal feeds;

• in the manufacture of glass and paints the basis of liquid glass;

• as one of the components of the Converter rust.

 

Known also that zinc oxide has a photocatalytic activity, which in practice used to create self-cleaning surfaces, antibacterial coating for walls and ceilings in hospitals, etc., For photocatalytic water treatment in industrial scale zinc oxide is currently not used.

In electronics

Oxide zinc is used for the production of varistors that can be used for the manufacture of modern surge arresters (ARF) instead of obsolete valve arresters. In addition, the powder of zinc oxide is a promising material as a working medium for powder lasers. Oxide zinc created the led is blue. Thin films and other nanostructures the basis of zinc oxide can be used as sensitive gas and biological sensors. Also zinc oxide is included in a heat-conducting pastes.

In medicine

In medicine is used as a component of drugs used in dermatology. Has anti-inflammatory, drying, absorbent, astringent and antiseptic effect. Applied externally in the form of powders, ointments, paste, liniment. Is one of the components of some complex dermatological and cosmetic preparations such as "Zinc ointment", "Pasta Lassara" and so forth.

Pharmacological action: it forms albuminates and denatures proteins. When applied to the skin surface reduces the phenomenon of exudation, inflammation and irritation tissue forms a protective barrier from the action of irritating factors.

Maybe used for dermatitis, including diaper dermatitis, diaper rash, prickly heat, superficial wounds and burns (sunburn, cuts, scratches), ulcerative skin lesions (trophic ulcers), bedsores, eczema in the acute stage, the herpes simplex, streptococcal.

Cosmetic properties of zinc oxide

Oxide zinc is used to create antimicrobial coatings and self-cleaning surfaces. It is an excellent antiseptic.

Main properties of zinc oxide:

• Whitens;

• Dries the skin;

• Anti-inflammatory effect;

• Forms a protective coating, reducing the impact of external factors on the skin;

• Promotes the synthesis of collagen.

 

Poorly toxic, permissible concentration in the air of working premises — 0.5 mg/m3 (according to GOST 10262-73). Dust may be generated during the firing of the brass.

Oxide zinc is part of antiprefix complexes, as its properties is suitable for reducing inflammation and rashes.

When ingested, zinc oxide can cause respiratory disease and of the digestive organs. Apply the following personal protective equipment: special clothing, shoes, hand protection, dust respirator tyre SB-1 "Petal-200", goggles.

Zinc white (zinc oxide) Packed in paper and plastic bags, steel, cardboard seam, plywood